A balanced diet includes a variety of nutrients such as carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals. It emphasizes consuming fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats while limiting processed foods, added sugars, and saturated fats.

To maintain a balanced diet, individuals should eat a diverse range of foods, control portion sizes, stay hydrated, and limit intake of unhealthy foods. Regular meal planning and mindful eating habits also contribute to nutritional balance.

Common deficiencies include iron deficiency leading to anemia, vitamin D deficiency affecting bone health, vitamin B12 deficiency causing neurological issues, and calcium deficiency impacting bone strength.

Dietary guidelines recommend consuming a variety of foods from all food groups, limiting saturated fats, trans fats, added sugars, and sodium. They suggest appropriate portion sizes, regular physical activity, and staying within calorie needs to promote overall health.